{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Dataset",
  "country": "CH",
  "countryName": "Switzerland",
  "unit": "canton",
  "unitPlural": "cantons",
  "count": 26,
  "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
  "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
  "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
  "attribution": "Beenest / Bienenstock Research — https://beenest.co/research",
  "disclaimer": "Guidance only, not legal advice. The law in force is what counts.",
  "emptyMeans": "Empty (—) = not stated in the cited law; never invented.",
  "lastUpdated": "2026-08-21",
  "jurisdictions": [
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "ZH",
      "slug": "zuerich",
      "name": "Zürich",
      "short": "ZH",
      "capital": "Zürich",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "KJHG LS 852.1 § 18d · V TaK LS 852.14",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.zhlex.zh.ch/Erlass.html?Open&Ordnr=852.1",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1 ausgebildet; 2. Person ab >6 Plätzen",
          "maxGroup": "12 Plätze",
          "factor": "1,5 (bis 19. Lebensmonat)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": 12,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1 ausgebildet; 2. Person ab >6 Plätzen",
          "maxGroup": "12 Plätze",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": 12,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1 ausgebildet; 2. Person ab >6 Plätzen",
          "maxGroup": "12 Plätze",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": 12,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1 ausgebildet; 2. Person ab >11 Plätzen",
          "maxGroup": "22 Plätze (Regel; VSG § 30e)",
          "factor": "KG-Kinder: Merkblatt empfiehlt 1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": 22,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton + municipal overlay"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Gruppengrösse + 2. Person ab 6 Plätzen (§ 18d KJHG); U18m als 1,5 Plätze"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Je Gruppe mind. 1 ausgebildete Betreuungsperson (§ 18d Abs. 2 KJHG). Praktikant:innen als 2. Person grundsätzlich anrechenbar"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "Kita: 1; 2 ab >6 Plätzen. Hort/Tagesstruktur: 2 ab >11 Plätzen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Bewilligung und Aufsicht durch Standortgemeinde (§ 18b KJHG). Stadt Zürich VO KB steuert vor allem Subvention, nicht einen strengeren Bewilligungsschlüssel"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "KJHG LS 852.1 § 18d · V TaK LS 852.14"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "BE",
      "slug": "bern",
      "name": "Bern",
      "short": "BE",
      "capital": "Bern",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "FKJV 860.22 Art. 15 · SHG 860.1 · SLG",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.belex.sites.be.ch/app/de/texts_of_law/860.22",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "ganze Kita: 1–5 Pl. = 1 Pers./1 Fach; 6–12 = 2/1 Fach; 13–18 = 3/2; danach analog",
          "maxGroup": "— (keine Gruppengrösse)",
          "factor": "1,5 (<18 Monate, ab 01.08.2026)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "dieselbe Kita-Tabelle Art. 15 Abs. 1a",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1 (ab 18 Mon. bis KG-Eintritt)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "dieselbe Kita-Tabelle Art. 15 Abs. 1a",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "dieselbe Kita-Tabelle auf gewichtete Plätze",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "0,75 (KG–2. Kl.) / 0,5 (ab 3. Kl.)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 0.75
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton sets numbers"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Einrichtungsweiter Schlüssel auf gewichtete Plätze (Art. 15 Abs. 1a FKJV); Gruppen-Schlüssel Abs. 1 aufgehoben 01.01.2024"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Nur Fach- und Assistenzpersonal zählt. Übriges Personal (1. Lehrjahr) nicht im Schlüssel. Fachanteil gemäss Tabelle (z. B. 1 von 2 bei 6–12 Plätzen)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "Mindestens 1 Fachperson bereits bei 1–5 belegten Plätzen (gesamte Kita, nicht gruppenweise)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Aufsicht seit 2024 beim Amt für Integration und Soziales für alle Kitas; Gutscheine kommunal überlagert (z. B. Stadt Bern FEBVO)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "FKJV 860.22 Art. 15 · SHG 860.1 · SLG"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "LU",
      "slug": "luzern",
      "name": "Luzern",
      "short": "LU",
      "capital": "Luzern",
      "unverified": true,
      "legalBasis": "KiBeG SRL 887 · KiBeV SRL 887a · DISG-Weisung Kita 04.2026",
      "sourceUrl": "https://srl.lu.ch/app/de/texts_of_law/887",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KiBeV § 2: DISG-Weisung setzt Qualifikation und Betreuungsschlüssel; Zahlen stehen in der Weisung, nicht im Gesetz"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Vorpraktikant:innen dürfen nicht auf den Schlüssel angerechnet werden (KiBeV § 2 Abs. 2)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "in DISG-Weisung (April 2026)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Gemeinden dürfen höhere Qualitätsstandards setzen (KiBeG § 6). Stadt Luzern QRL (Wegleitung 01.2025, kommunal): u18m 1,5 / 18–36m 1,0 / 36m–KG 0,8 / ab KG 0,5; 1 ausgebildete Person bis 5 Plätze, danach +1 je 5"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "KiBeG SRL 887 · KiBeV SRL 887a · DISG-Weisung Kita 04.2026"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "UR",
      "slug": "uri",
      "name": "Uri",
      "short": "UR",
      "capital": "Altdorf",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "Verordnung über Betreuungseinrichtungen 20.3449 · PAVO",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.ur.ch/gesetze",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "PAVO floor"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Kein kantonal bezifferter 1:N-Schlüssel gefunden — PAVO Art. 15 plus Verordnung über Betreuungseinrichtungen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Gemeinde kann Auflagen in der Betriebsbewilligung setzen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "Verordnung über Betreuungseinrichtungen 20.3449 · PAVO"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "SZ",
      "slug": "schwyz",
      "name": "Schwyz",
      "short": "SZ",
      "capital": "Schwyz",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "KiBeG SRSZ 370.300 · KiBeV 370.311 Anhang 1 Ziff. 1.4.4",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.sz.ch/public/upload/assets/76336/370_311.pdf",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "Fachperson 1:3; Teilausgebildet 2–3; unausgebildet 1:1",
          "maxGroup": "14 (Kleinkind-/Vorschulgruppe)",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 3,
          "maxN": 14,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "ab 1,5 J. bis Primareintritt: Fachperson 1:7; Teilausgebildet 5–7; unausgebildet 1:5",
          "maxGroup": "14",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 7,
          "maxN": 14,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "Fachperson 1:7 (1,5 J.–Primareintritt)",
          "maxGroup": "14",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 7,
          "maxN": 14,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "Fachperson 1:12 (Zyklus 1 und 2); Teilausgebildet 9–12; unausgebildet 1:9",
          "maxGroup": "24 (Primarstufe)",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 12,
          "maxN": 24,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton sets numbers"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KiBeV Anhang 1 Ziff. 1.4.4: 1:N je Qualifikation plus Maximalgruppengrösse"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "≥50 % Fachpersonen am gesamten Betreuungspersonal. Praktikant:innen/Zivildienst zählen nicht"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "Fachperson trägt während der ganzen Öffnungszeit die Verantwortung und ist anwesend"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Fachstelle Kinderbetreuung bewilligt (Schulträger-Angebote: Fachaufsicht)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "KiBeG SRSZ 370.300 · KiBeV 370.311 Anhang 1 Ziff. 1.4.4"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "OW",
      "slug": "obwalden",
      "name": "Obwalden",
      "short": "OW",
      "capital": "Sarnen",
      "unverified": true,
      "legalBasis": "GDB 870.7 · GDB 870.711 · PAVO",
      "sourceUrl": "https://gdb.ow.ch/",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "PAVO floor"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KiBeG + Beitragsbestimmungen; Schlüssel nicht im Gesetz beziffert"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Bewilligung/Aufsicht Regionaler Sozialdienst; Gemeinden finanzieren Sozialtarif. Art. 5 KiBeG verlangt Qualitätsrichtlinien; Sozialamt-PDF April 2020 existiert, numerischer Schlüssel daraus nicht verifiziert"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "GDB 870.7 · GDB 870.711 · PAVO"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "NW",
      "slug": "nidwalden",
      "name": "Nidwalden",
      "short": "NW",
      "capital": "Stans",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "NG 764.1 KiBG · NG 764.11 kKiBV · PAVO",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.nw.ch/gesetzessammlung",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "PAVO floor"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KiBG / kKiBV — Finanzierung und Bewilligung; kein bezifferter Schlüssel in der Verordnung gefunden"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "NG 764.1 KiBG · NG 764.11 kKiBV · PAVO"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "GL",
      "slug": "glarus",
      "name": "Glarus",
      "short": "GL",
      "capital": "Glarus",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "KiBG GS IV B/1/13 · PAVO",
      "sourceUrl": "https://gesetze.gl.ch/",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "PAVO floor"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KiBG (Förderung); Stadt Glarus mit Beitragsverordnung — kein kantonaler 1:N"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Stadt Glarus: Beitragsverordnung"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "KiBG GS IV B/1/13 · PAVO"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "ZG",
      "slug": "zug",
      "name": "Zug",
      "short": "ZG",
      "capital": "Zug",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "KiBeG BGS 213.4 · KiBeV BGS 213.42 Anhang",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.lexfind.ch/tolv/261526/de",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "Kleinkinder 1:3; altersgemischt mit U18m 1:4",
          "maxGroup": "Kleinkindergr. 9 / altersgemischt 12 (max. 4 U18m)",
          "factor": "1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 3,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:3",
          "maxGroup": "9 Plätze (0–3 J.)",
          "factor": "1,5 bis 18 Mon., sonst 1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 3,
          "maxN": 9,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:7",
          "maxGroup": "14 Plätze (3 J. bis KG-Eintritt)",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 7,
          "maxN": 14,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1:11 (schulergänzend / Privatschule)",
          "maxGroup": "keine Gruppenrichtzahl",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 11,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton sets numbers"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Verbindliche Gruppengrösse + 1:N im KiBeV-Anhang (Stand 01.08.2026)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Je Gruppe mind. 2 Personen, davon 1 ausgebildet. Schulergänzend: mind. die Hälfte ausgebildet. Inklusion: Kind zählt 1,5 Plätze"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "2 je Gruppe (1 ausgebildet); Ausnahme 1 Person bei ≤5 Kindern, max. 1 U18m, Springer vor Ort, Notfallkonzept"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Gemeinden bewilligen und beaufsichtigen; Betreuungsgutscheine kommunal plus Kantonspauschale 33 %"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "KiBeG BGS 213.4 · KiBeV BGS 213.42 Anhang"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "FR",
      "slug": "freiburg",
      "name": "Freiburg",
      "short": "FR",
      "capital": "Freiburg",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "FBG RSF 835.1 · Directives GSD structures d’accueil préscolaire 2017",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.fr.ch/sites/default/files/contens/sej/_www/files/pdf92/directives-sur-les-structures-daccueil-prescolaires-fr.pdf",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1 Stelle : 4 anwesende Kinder (Band 0–2 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:4 (0–2 J.) / 1:7 (2–4 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 4,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:7 (2–4 J.; Schuleintritt i. d. R. mit 4 J.); Restgruppe 4–6 J. 1:12",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 7,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1–12: 1 formée; 13–24: 1 formée + 1 auxiliaire; 25–36: 1 + 2 (Directives AES 2011)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "GSD-Richtlinien 01.05.2017: Stellen nach Alter × Öffnungszeit; Randstunden 50 % der Dotation (2 h/Tag)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "grundsätzlich 2/3 diplomiert/zertifiziert; nie unter 50 %. 1 ausgebildete Person je Gruppe (ganztags)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "1 ausgebildete Person je Gruppe"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Gemeinden Bedarf/Unterstützung gemäss FBG; Bewilligung Jugendamt (SEJ)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "FBG RSF 835.1 · Directives GSD structures d’accueil préscolaire 2017"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "SO",
      "slug": "solothurn",
      "name": "Solothurn",
      "short": "SO",
      "capital": "Solothurn",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "BGS 831.1 SG §§ 21–22 · Kantonale Kita-Richtlinien 01.07.2015 Ziff. 4.4–4.5",
      "sourceUrl": "https://so.ch/fileadmin/internet/ddi/ddi-ags/Kinder_Jugendliche_und_Familien/Kindertagesstaetten/2015_04_29_Kita_Richtlinien_def_01.pdf",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "6–12 Pl.: 2 Pers. (mind. 1 FP); 13–19: 3 (mind. 2 FP); +1 Pers. je 7 weitere Pl.",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "gleicher Stellenplan auf gewichtete Plätze",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1 (ab 19 Mon.)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "gleicher Stellenplan auf gewichtete Plätze",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "gleicher Stellenplan auf gewichtete Plätze",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "0,75 (Basisstufe–2. Kl.) / 0,5 (ab 3. Kl.)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 0.75
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Kantonale Richtlinien Bewilligung/Aufsicht (01.07.2015): Kopfzahl nach gewichteten Plätzen, ganze Kita"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "≥50 % anerkannte Ausbildung (ab 13 Pl. mind. 2 FP)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "2 ab 6 belegten Plätzen; jederzeit 1 anerkannte Fachperson"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Kanton (ASO/AGS) bewilligt; Gemeinden finanzieren freiwillig"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "BGS 831.1 SG §§ 21–22 · Kantonale Kita-Richtlinien 01.07.2015 Ziff. 4.4–4.5"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "BS",
      "slug": "basel-stadt",
      "name": "Basel-Stadt",
      "short": "BS",
      "capital": "Basel",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "TBG SG 815.100 · KTV · Richtlinien Bewilligung/Aufsicht Kitas",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.bs.ch/ed/jfs/jfa/tagesbetreuung/kitas/personal",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1 Betreuungsperson max. 5 Kinder gleichzeitig",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1 Betreuungsperson max. 5 Kinder; 1 päd. ausgebildet / 10 Kinder",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1 ausgebildet / 10 Kinder; 1 Person / max. 5 Kinder",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Betreuungsschlüssel in den Richtlinien Bewilligung/Aufsicht (nicht im TBG-Artikel); Stadtkanton ohne Gemeinde-Overlay"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Bewilligung: 1 ausgebildet / 10 Kinder. Kitas mit Betreuungsbeiträgen: mind. 2/3 des benötigten Personals päd. ausgebildet; Praktika seit 01.08.2024 nicht mehr auf den Schlüssel"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "aus dem 1:5- und 1:10-Schlüssel abgeleitet"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "kein Gemeinde-Overlay (Stadtkanton)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "TBG SG 815.100 · KTV · Richtlinien Bewilligung/Aufsicht Kitas"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "BL",
      "slug": "basel-landschaft",
      "name": "Basel-Landschaft",
      "short": "BL",
      "capital": "Liestal",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "SGS 852 KiBeG · PAVO",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.baselland.ch/politik-und-behorden/recht",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "PAVO floor"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KiBeG SGS 852 (Förderung/Bewilligung); kein kantonaler Zahlenschlüssel in der Erlass-Liste"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "z. B. Liestal FEB-Reglement"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "SGS 852 KiBeG · PAVO"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "SH",
      "slug": "schaffhausen",
      "name": "Schaffhausen",
      "short": "SH",
      "capital": "Schaffhausen",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "SHR 211.224 Anhang 2 §§ A2-5, A2-6",
      "sourceUrl": "https://rechtsbuch.sh.ch/app/de/texts_of_law/211.224",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1:6 (gewichtet)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:6 (gewichtet)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1 (ab 19 Mon. bis KG-Eintritt)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:6 (gewichtet)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1:6 (gewichtet)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "0,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 0.5
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton sets numbers"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "1 Betreuungsperson je 6 gewichtete Plätze (Pflegekinderverordnung Anhang 2)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "FEB mind. 1:1 Fachpersonen:nicht-ausgebildet; SET vormittags/nachmittags 1:1; reiner Mittagstisch 1:2 (§ A2-5)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "jederzeit 1 pädagogische Fachperson"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Dienststelle Familie und Jugend bewilligt. Fördergesetz = Gutschriften, kein Schlüssel"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "SHR 211.224 Anhang 2 §§ A2-5, A2-6"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "AR",
      "slug": "appenzell-ausserrhoden",
      "name": "Appenzell Ausserrhoden",
      "short": "AR",
      "capital": "Herisau",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "Richtlinien zur Basisqualität in Kindertagesstätten AR · bGS 415.31 KibeG (nur Förderung)",
      "sourceUrl": "https://ar.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/Departement_Gesundheit_Soziales/Amt_fuer_Soziales/ASE/KiTa/Richtlinien_zur_Basisqualitaet_in_Kindertagesstaetten_in_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden.pdf",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1 Fachperson : max. 3 Kinder (3–18 Monate)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1 Fachperson : max. 8 Kinder (19 Monate–6 Jahre)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1 Fachperson : max. 8 Kinder (19 Monate–6 Jahre)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1 Fachperson : max. 12 Kinder (6–12 Jahre)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Richtlinien Basisqualität AR: maximale Kinderzahl je anwesender Fachperson (ganze Einrichtung)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "keine Quote; Amt verzichtet ausdrücklich auf Verhältnis Fach-/Nichtfachpersonal"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "jederzeit 1 Fachperson anwesend"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Schulergänzung oft bei Schulgemeinden. KibeG = Beiträge, kein Schlüssel"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "Richtlinien zur Basisqualität in Kindertagesstätten AR · bGS 415.31 KibeG (nur Förderung)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "AI",
      "slug": "appenzell-innerrhoden",
      "name": "Appenzell Innerrhoden",
      "short": "AI",
      "capital": "Appenzell",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "GS 211.210 APV · Richtlinien Bewilligung/Aufsicht Kitas KESB 01.01.2017 Ziff. 8",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.ai.ch/themen/kinder-jugendliche-und-familie/pflegefamilie-pflegekind/ftw-simplelayout-filelistingblock/richtlinien-fuer-die-aufsicht-und-bewilligung-von-kindertagesstaetten/download",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1:6 Plätze; 2. Person wenn >6 Plätze besetzt",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:6 Plätze",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1 (19 Mt.–KG-Eintritt)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:6 Plätze",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1:6 Plätze",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "0,75 (Kindergartenkind bis Schuleintritt)",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 0.75
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KESB-Richtlinien 01.01.2017: 1:6 gewichtete Plätze; 2. Person ab >6 belegten Plätzen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Anteil nicht ausgebildeter Personen darf Anteil Ausgebildeter nicht überschreiten (≤50 % unausgebildet)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "1 ausgebildete Person jederzeit; 2. Person ab >6 belegten Plätzen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "KESB bewilligt. Mittagstische nur über Mittag in der Schulzeit bewilligungsfrei"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "GS 211.210 APV · Richtlinien Bewilligung/Aufsicht Kitas KESB 01.01.2017 Ziff. 8"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "SG",
      "slug": "st-gallen",
      "name": "St. Gallen",
      "short": "SG",
      "capital": "St. Gallen",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "sGS 221.1 KiBG · RL Mindeststandards Kitas",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.sg.ch/gesundheit-soziales/soziales/kinder-und-jugendliche/kindertagesbetreuung/kindertagesstaetten/bewilligung.html",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1 anerkannte Fachperson / bis 3 Kinder",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1 anerkannte Fachperson / bis 8 Kinder (18 Mon.–6 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1 anerkannte Fachperson / bis 8 Kinder (18 Mon.–6 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "Kita 6–12 J.: 1 Fachperson / 12; SET 4–12 J.: 1 / 10",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Richtlinien Mindeststandards Kitas (Amt für Soziales): Schlüssel der anerkannt ausgebildeten Fachperson, altersgestaffelt"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Wenigstens 60 % der erforderlichen Betreuungsleistung durch anerkannt ausgebildetes Personal (Ziff. 3.4.2.c). Lernende/Assistenz: 70 % der Kinderzahl einer Fachperson"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "1 anerkannte Fachperson ab Kind 1, während der gesamten Öffnungszeit"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Stadt St. Gallen: Tarifreglement. Schulisch betriebene SET fallen unter PAVO-Ausnahme Art. 13 Abs. 2 lit. a"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "sGS 221.1 KiBG · RL Mindeststandards Kitas"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "GR",
      "slug": "graubuenden",
      "name": "Graubünden",
      "short": "GR",
      "capital": "Chur",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "BR 548.300 KIBEG · BR 548.310 KIBEV · Qualitätsrichtlinien Krippen GR v5.0 Indikator 3d",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.gr.ch/DE/institutionen/verwaltung/dvs/soa/familie/Documents/Qualitaetsrichtlinien_Krippen_GR.pdf",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1 ausgebildete BP je bis 6 BB; 6–12 BB: 2 BP davon 1 ausgebildet; danach analog",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "ab 18 Mon. Faktor 1,0 auf dieselbe BB-Stufung",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "wie kleinkind (Faktor 1,0, BB-Stufung)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KIBEG/KIBEV = Förderung. Bewilligungs-Schlüssel in Qualitätsrichtlinien Kinderkrippen v5.0 (Indikator 3d): gewichteter Betreuungsbedarf (BB)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Indikator 3d koppelt Ausbildung an die Stufe (erste 6 BB: 1 ausgebildete BP; danach etwa die Hälfte). Vorlehr-/Schnupperpraktika nicht anrechenbar"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "folgt der BB-Stufung, keine feste Gruppenkopfzahl"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Bewilligung Sozialamt. Gemeinden können über das Förder-Minimum hinausgehen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "BR 548.300 KIBEG · BR 548.310 KIBEV · Qualitätsrichtlinien Krippen GR v5.0 Indikator 3d"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "AG",
      "slug": "aargau",
      "name": "Aargau",
      "short": "AG",
      "capital": "Aarau",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "SAR 815.300 KiBeG · PAVO",
      "sourceUrl": "https://gesetzessammlungen.ag.ch/app/de/texts_of_law/815.300",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton + municipal overlay"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "KiBeG SAR 815.300 ohne Zahlenschlüssel; konkrete Qualitätsstandards oft kommunal (z. B. Aarau)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Aarau: KiBeR + Qualitätsstandardverordnung (strenger als Kanton möglich)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "SAR 815.300 KiBeG · PAVO"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "TG",
      "slug": "thurgau",
      "name": "Thurgau",
      "short": "TG",
      "capital": "Frauenfeld",
      "unverified": true,
      "legalBasis": "RB 861.1 · RL-DJS Kita (Übergangstabelle Betreuungsschlüssel)",
      "sourceUrl": "https://djs.tg.ch/pflegekinder-und-heimaufsicht/kindertagesstaetten/allgemeine-informationen.html/17815",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1–7: 1 Fachperson; 8–12: 1+1; 13–19: 2+1 (usw.)",
          "maxGroup": "Staffel nach belegten Plätzen",
          "factor": "2",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 2
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "dieselbe Kopfzahl-Staffel",
          "maxGroup": "Staffel nach belegten Plätzen",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "dieselbe Kopfzahl-Staffel",
          "maxGroup": "Staffel nach belegten Plätzen",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": 1
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1 ausgebildete Person; >15 oder >1 Gruppe: 2 ausgebildete. Kita-Mischbetrieb: gleiche Bänder",
          "maxGroup": "15 (reines SET, RL-DJS 2006)",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": 15,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "RL-DJS Kita: Kopfzahl-Staffel (Fachperson + unqualifiziert). U18m = 2 Plätze. 2025-Richtlinie aufgehoben/in Vernehmlassung; Übergangswerte für Bestands-Kitas"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Staffel trennt pädagogische Fachperson und Betreuungsperson ohne Fachqualifikation"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "1 Fachperson ab 1 Kind"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "RB 861.1 · RL-DJS Kita (Übergangstabelle Betreuungsschlüssel)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "TI",
      "slug": "tessin",
      "name": "Tessin",
      "short": "TI",
      "capital": "Bellinzona",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "874.100 Legge per le famiglie · 874.110 RLFam Art. 14–15",
      "sourceUrl": "https://m3.ti.ch/CAN/RLeggi/public/raccolta-leggi/legge/num/346",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1:4 (0–12 Mon.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 4,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:5 (13–24 Mon.) · 1:8 (2–3 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 5,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:12 (ab vollendetem 3. J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 12,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1:15 + sofort erreichbare Notfallperson (RLFam Art. 41 let. f)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 15,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton sets numbers"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Rapporto numerico presente (Art. 15 RLFam), aufgerundet; Nido vs. extrascolastico getrennt"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Nido: 9–17 Uhr in der Regel mind. 2 Personen, davon 1 ausgebildet. Extra: UFaG empfiehlt ≥50 % gebildet (Sek. II ASE oder Tertiär)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "Nido: 2 Personen 9–17 Uhr; Randzeit 1 ausgebildet bei <4 Kindern, 2 ab dem 4. Kind; Springer sofort erreichbar (Art. 14 Abs. 2 RLFam)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "874.100 Legge per le famiglie · 874.110 RLFam Art. 14–15"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "VD",
      "slug": "waadt",
      "name": "Waadt",
      "short": "VD",
      "capital": "Lausanne",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "LAJE 211.22 · RLAJE 211.22.1 · Directives OAJE 01.09.2023",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.vd.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/organisation/dinf/oaje/pdf/2023.09.01_Directives_pr%C3%A9_journ%C3%A9e.pdf",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "Nurserie: 1:5 (Geburt–18/24 Mon.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 5,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "Trotteurs: 1:7 (18/24–30/36 Mon.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 7,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "Grands: 1:10 (30/36 Mon. bis Schulpflicht)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 10,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1.–4. Harmos: 1 Profi / 1–12; 5.–6.: 1 / 15; 7.–8.: 1 / 18 (APE staffelt dazu)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Taux d’encadrement in den Directives OAJE (01.09.2023) — Präsenz, ohne Intendanz. Vertikalgruppe = Schlüssel des jüngsten Kindes"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "Préscolaire Art. 2 al. 4: ≥80 % Professionnel-le de l’enfance (davon ≥40 % éducateur/trice ES), ≤20 % APE. Stagiaires und CFC-ASE-Lehrlinge zählen nicht"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "Préscolaire: 2 Erwachsene dauernd, davon 1 Professionnel (Art. 2 al. 12). Öffnung/Schluss: 1 Person wenn Gruppe ≤10 und Backup"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "Schlüssel ist kantonal (OAJE). Gemeinden und Netzwerke organisieren das Angebot"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "LAJE 211.22 · RLAJE 211.22.1 · Directives OAJE 01.09.2023"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "VS",
      "slug": "wallis",
      "name": "Wallis",
      "short": "VS",
      "capital": "Sitten",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "OJe RS 850.400 · Directives DEF accueil à la journée",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.vs.ch/de/web/lex",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "Nurserie: 1:4 bis 1:5",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 4,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "Crèche homogen 18 Mon.–3 J.: 1:6 (erweitert 1:7)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "3–6 J. homogen: 1:8 (Garderie/JK bis 1:12)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 8,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "UAPE/ABES: 1:12 bis 1:15 (je Öffnungsmodell)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 12,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Directives accueil à la journée (DEF): 1:N je Strukturtyp; altersgemischt = Schlüssel der jüngsten Gruppe. Bandbreiten, keine Einzelzahl"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "mind. 2/3 anerkanntes Fachpersonal, max. 1/3 Assistenz (Ausnahme kleine ABES ≤12 h/Woche und ≤15 Plätze)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "OJe RS 850.400 · Directives DEF accueil à la journée"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "NE",
      "slug": "neuenburg",
      "name": "Neuenburg",
      "short": "NE",
      "capital": "Neuenburg",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "LAE 400.1 · REGAE 400.10 Art. 19",
      "sourceUrl": "https://rsn.ne.ch/DATA/program/books/rsne/htm/400.10.htm",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1:4 (bis 18 Mon.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 4,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:6 (19–36 Mon.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 6,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:8 (37 Mon. bis Eintritt 1. Zyklus)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 8,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1:12 bis Ende 4. Schuljahr; 1:15 ab 5. Schuljahr",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 12,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton sets numbers"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Taux d’encadrement in REGAE Art. 19 (01.08.2025) — Präsenz in jedem Moment; Mix nach Köpfen je Altersband"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "≥2/3 anerkannte Titel; Stagiaires und Lehrlinge zählen nicht zum Encadrement (Art. 19 Abs. 4)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "Präsenz muss dem Taux jederzeit entsprechen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "LAE 400.1 · REGAE 400.10 Art. 19"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "GE",
      "slug": "genf",
      "name": "Genf",
      "short": "GE",
      "capital": "Genf",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "LAPr rsGE J 6 28 · RAPr J 6 28.01 Art. 31",
      "sourceUrl": "https://silgeneve.ch/legis/program/books/rsg/htm/rsg_j6_28p01.htm",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1:4 (<12 Mon.) · 1:5 (12–<24 Mon.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 4,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:8 (2–<3 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 8,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:10 (3–4 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 10,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "—",
          "maxGroup": "—",
          "factor": "—",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": null,
          "maxN": null,
          "factorN": null
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Canton sets numbers"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Normes d’encadrement RAPr Art. 31 — Stellenplan 1:N plus Live-Minimum 2 Erwachsene (Stadtkanton)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "60 % Éducateur/trice ES · 40 % ASE-CFC (Art. 31 Abs. 2). Temporär 50 % ES bei Mangel. Live: mind. 1 diplomierte/r ES oder ASE unter den 2 Erwachsenen"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "jederzeit mind. 2 Erwachsene in der Struktur (Art. 31 Abs. 5)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Municipal overlay",
          "value": "kein Gemeinde-Overlay (Stadtkanton); SASAJ/OPEJ bewilligt"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "LAPr rsGE J 6 28 · RAPr J 6 28.01 Art. 31"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "country": "CH",
      "code": "JU",
      "slug": "jura",
      "name": "Jura",
      "short": "JU",
      "capital": "Delsberg",
      "unverified": false,
      "legalBasis": "LASoc 850.1 · Ordonnance placement 853.11 · Directives 07.2025 Annexe 5",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.jura.ch/fr/Autorites/Administration/DSJP/SAS/Soutien-aux-collectivites/Creches-et-UAPE/Creches-et-UAPE-Informations-pour-les-directions.html",
      "tableUrl": "https://bienenstock-kita.de/en/switzerland-canton-comparison",
      "bands": [
        {
          "id": "u18m",
          "label": "Under 18 months",
          "ratio": "1:5 (2 Monate–2 J.)",
          "maxGroup": "5",
          "factor": "3",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 5,
          "maxN": 5,
          "factorN": 3
        },
        {
          "id": "kleinkind",
          "label": "Toddler to kindergarten",
          "ratio": "1:10 (2 J. bis Schuleintritt)",
          "maxGroup": "10",
          "factor": "1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 10,
          "maxN": 10,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "vorschule",
          "label": "Preschool Kita",
          "ratio": "1:10 (2 J. bis Schuleintritt)",
          "maxGroup": "10",
          "factor": "1,5",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 10,
          "maxN": 10,
          "factorN": 1.5
        },
        {
          "id": "schul",
          "label": "School-age / Hort",
          "ratio": "1:15",
          "maxGroup": "15",
          "factor": "1",
          "note": null,
          "ratioN": 15,
          "maxN": 15,
          "factorN": 1
        }
      ],
      "extras": [
        {
          "label": "Who sets the number",
          "value": "Cantonal directive"
        },
        {
          "label": "How it is measured",
          "value": "Directives extra-familial Juli 2025, Annexe 5: 1:N plus Maximalgruppe plus Platzfaktor (unités)"
        },
        {
          "label": "Qualification share",
          "value": "unqualifiziert max. 20 %"
        },
        {
          "label": "Minimum people",
          "value": "folgt 1:N; Vertikalgruppe = 15 Einheiten"
        },
        {
          "label": "Legal basis",
          "value": "LASoc 850.1 · Ordonnance placement 853.11 · Directives 07.2025 Annexe 5"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}